Perhaps the most well-known feature of the Late Roman Empire is the increasing pressure from barbarian groups along its borders. These "barbarians" (including the Goths, Vandals, Huns, and Franks) began encroaching on Roman territory as the empire's military and defensive capabilities weakened. In 410 AD, the Visigoths, led by Alaric I, famously sa
The Late Roman Empire also witnessed significant economic decline. High taxes, inflation, and a reliance on slave labor weakened the economy, which had previously been one of the empire's strengths. The system of Roman trade, which once spanned continents, began to falter as external pressures such as raids and internal instability disrupted commer
The Late Roman Empire, which spans from the 3rd to the 5th century AD, marks a transformative period in Roman history. The Empire, facing both internal challenges and external pressures, experienced significant changes in its social, political, and cultural structures. By the late 4th and early 5th centuries, the Roman Empire was increasingly divid
The Brigantes were one of the largest tribes in northern Britain, covering much of what is now northern England. After the death of their queen, Cartimandua, in AD 69, the tribe rebelled against the Romans. Cartimandua had previously allied with the Romans, but her successor, Venutius, led the revolt against Roman forces. The Roman army, led by Gen